Determinant Urban Mobility Needs of Components of the Vulnerable Population in Nigerian Cities

Abstract

Urban mobility plays a critical role in fostering inclusivity, social participation, and sustainable urban development. However, the exclusion of vulnerable populations—such as the elderly, the physically and cognitively disabled, visually impaired persons, school children, and low-income unemployed groups—from transport planning in Nigeria has led to significant immobility, marginalization, and economic deprivation. This study examined the determinant mobility needs of the vulnerable population in Nigeria’s frontline cities (Lagos and Abuja) with the aim of identifying key factors that can inform inclusive transport policy and planning. Primary data were collected from 364 respondents across different components of the vulnerable population using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to identify the major determinants of urban mobility needs. Findings reveal that access to safety infrastructure, affordability, location proximity, reduced travel time, comfort, safety and security, ease of access, and availability of public transport services are critical factors influencing mobility among vulnerable groups. Variations were observed among groups—for instance, the physically disabled prioritized accessibility and modal alternatives, while the elderly emphasized affordability and safety. It recommends that Nigerian transport policymakers adopt inclusive urban mobility frameworks that integrate universal design principles, enhance infrastructure accessibility, and implement equity-oriented transport subsidies. These measures would promote social inclusion, reduce poverty, and foster sustainable urban transport development in Nigeria.