Local Government in Promoting Social Developments
Abstract
The word “panchayat” is derived from the word “pancha panchasvanusthitah”, has references to the existence of Grama Sanghas or rural communities. In Vedic period village was the basic unit of administration. The most remarkable feature of the early Vedic polity was institution of popular assemblies of which two namely “sabha” and “samiti” derserve special mention. A samiti was the Vedic Folk Assembly. In some cases it enjoyed the right of electing a king. The sabha exercised some judicial functions. Both the samiti and sabha enjoyed the right to debate, a privilege unknown to the popular assemblies of other ancient people. The office of the village headman (Gramani) indicates the emergence of the village as a unit of administration. In the later Vedic period, the samiti disappeared as a popular assembly and the sabha sank into a narrow body corresponding to the king privy council.
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